The PRAETORIAN score
Quast ABE, Baalman SWE, Brouwer TF, et al. A novel tool to evaluate the implant position and predict defibrillation success of the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: The PRAETORIAN score. Heart Rhythm. 2019;16(3):403-410. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.09.029
Rationale and design
Quast ABE, Baalman SWE, Betts TR, et al. Rationale and design of the PRAETORIAN-DFT trial: A prospective randomized CompArative trial of SubcutanEous ImplanTable CardiOverter-DefibrillatoR ImplANtation with and without DeFibrillation testing. Am Heart J. 2019;214:167-174. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2019.05.002
Primary publication
Knops RE, Marquie C, Nordbeck P, et al. Subcutaneous Defibrillator Implantation With or Without Defibrillation Test: The Primary Results of the Randomized PRAETORIAN-DFT Trial. Circulation. Published online April 25, 2026. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.126.080638
Results of the PRAETORIAN DFT study were presented as a late breaking clinical trial at the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) 2026 conference. Following the presentation Heart Rhythm TV host Oliver J. Monfredi, MBChB, PhD, FHRS discussed with Reinoud Knops, MD, PhD, FHRS, the PRAETORIAN DFT trial results. Watch below the interview.
Secondary publications
Knops RE, El-Chami MF, Marquie C, et al. Predictive value of the PRAETORIAN score for defibrillation test success in patients with subcutaneous ICD: A subanalysis of the PRAETORIAN-DFT trial. Heart Rhythm. 2024;21(6):836-844. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.02.005
de Veld JA, Smeding L, El-Chami MF, et al. Pain after subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: A secondary analysis of the PRAETORIAN-DFT trial. Heart Rhythm O2. 2025;6(6):799-807. Published 2025 Mar 31. doi:10.1016/j.hroo.2025.03.011